Categorisation, also known as categorisation or classification, is a cognitive process that plays a significant role in various areas and aspects of life. This process refers to the way in which people divide information, objects, experiences and phenomena into groups or categories in order to better understand, organise and communicate them.

In psychology, categorisation is a fundamental part of human thinking. People tend to categorise things in order to simplify the complex world around them. This categorisation makes it possible to process information and make decisions more quickly. For example, the category "animals" can summarise a variety of creatures, from dogs to giraffes, and help us to draw general conclusions about them.

In a scientific context, categorisation plays an important role in the organisation of knowledge. Researchers use categories to describe phenomena, formulate hypotheses and analyse results. The categorisation of data is a central step in scientific research and makes it possible to identify patterns and trends.

Categorisation is also of crucial importance in information architecture and data management. In a digital world, information and files need to be organised and found efficiently. This is where categories and tags are used to classify documents and data according to relevant characteristics. This makes it much easier to search for and access information.

In marketing and retail, categorisation is used to group products and present them in catalogues or online shops. This helps customers to find products more quickly and makes it easier to make a purchase decision. The right categorisation can also help to identify related products or cross-selling opportunities.

To summarise, it can be said that categorisation is a universal and versatile process that significantly influences human thinking, scientific research, information management and marketing. It makes it possible to cope with the complexity of our world and bring structure to the diversity of information.