Dark patterns, a term that is becoming increasingly important in the digital world, refers to a range of design strategies that aim to entice users on websites or in apps to behave in ways they would not normally choose. These deceptive design elements, often referred to as "misleading design" or "manipulative user guidance", play on human psychology to elicit certain responses.

The core of dark patterns lies in the intention to unconsciously persuade the user to take actions that primarily serve the interests of the provider. This can range from encouraging unwanted purchases, to making it more difficult to unsubscribe from services, to the unwanted disclosure of personal data. Such practices are often criticised as they overstep the boundaries of ethical design and can undermine user trust.

A classic example of a dark pattern is the "Roach Motel" strategy, where users can get into a service easily but find it difficult to get out. Another example is the "bait and switch" pattern, in which the user believes an action will have a certain result, but instead leads to an undesired outcome.

It is important to understand that dark patterns are not only a nuisance for users, but can also have legal consequences. With the rise in awareness of data protection and consumer rights, such misleading practices are increasingly being targeted by regulators. Companies that use dark patterns risk not only their reputation but also legal sanctions.

The discussion about dark patterns also sheds light on the responsibility of designers and developers. It is about finding a balance between business goals and ethical responsibility towards users. The challenge is to create designs that are both user-friendly and commercially successful without manipulating or misleading users.

To summarise, dark patterns are a sensitive issue in the world of digital design. They highlight the need for an ethical guideline in the design process to ensure user trust and satisfaction. At a time when the digital experience is becoming increasingly important, it is crucial that companies are transparent and responsible with their users.