The term "downward social comparison" refers to a psychological process in which people compare their own social position or abilities with those of people who are seen as less successful or competent. This comparison often serves to increase self-esteem or improve one's self-image.

In simple terms, this means that people tend to compare themselves with others who are in a worse position than themselves. This comparison can take place at various levels, be it in the professional, academic or personal sphere.

An example of downward social comparison is when someone who is struggling at school compares themselves to a classmate who is getting worse grades. This comparison can make the person feel better and increase their self-esteem.

This psychological effect is rooted in human nature and can occur in various life situations. It can happen both consciously and unconsciously. People tend to compare themselves with others in order to increase their own well-being and reduce negative emotions.

It is important to note that downward social comparison is not always positive. In some cases, this comparison can cause people to devalue others or feel superior. It is therefore crucial to use this effect in a healthy way to strengthen one's own self-esteem without belittling others.

In psychology, this effect is often studied in order to better understand human behaviour and the mechanisms of self-esteem. It shows how social comparisons can influence our thoughts and feelings.

To summarise, downward social comparison is a psychological process in which people compare themselves with others who are in a worse position in order to increase their self-esteem. This effect is rooted in human nature and can occur in different areas of life. It is important to consciously utilise this effect in order to strengthen one's own self-image without belittling others. It is being intensively researched in psychology in order to better understand the mechanisms of self-esteem.