Roger W. Schvaneveldt is an American psychologist known for his work in cognitive psychology, in particular the theory of semantic networks and the technique of lexical decision. He has worked closely with the psychologist David E. Meyer. Schvaneveldt's research focuses on the organisation of knowledge in human memory and the processes of information processing and memory retrieval. His work has improved our understanding of the structure and function of memory and language and has had a lasting influence on cognitive psychology.