A vector graphic is a type of graphic file that consists of mathematical formulas and geometric objects such as lines, curves and polygons. In contrast to raster graphics, which consist of individual pixels, vector graphics can be scaled indefinitely without losing sharpness and quality.

Vector graphics are usually created with special graphics programmes and can be saved in various formats such as SVG, EPS, AI or PDF. They are often used in logos, icons, illustrations and other graphic elements as they offer high quality and flexibility.

Vector graphics have many advantages in web design. Firstly, they are usually very small and can be loaded quickly, which shortens the loading time of the website and improves user-friendliness. Secondly, they can be scaled without distortion or loss of quality, which is an advantage when displaying them on different devices and screen sizes.

In addition, vector graphics in web design can also help to create a consistent brand identity as they enable uniform shapes and colours. They can also be used in typography to achieve better legibility and activate the user's memory.

Overall, vector graphics are an important part of web design that can help create a better user experience and increase the effectiveness of the website.